There have been reports of mitochondrial dysfunction in HIV-negative infants exposed in utero and/or post-natally to nucleoside analogues (see section 4.4).In HIV-infected patients with severe immune deficiency at the time of initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy (CART), an inflammatory reaction to asymptomatic or residual opportunistic infections may arise. It is used either alone or in combination with other medications to treat the infection caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Generic Salts. Retrovir can be used during pregnancy if clinically needed. It works by decreasing the amount of HIV in the blood. Continue typing to refine. Use with caution in patients with hepatomegaly, hepatitis, or other risk factors for liver disease and hepatic steatosis (including obesity and alcohol abuse). Of greatest long-term concern is the interference of zidovudine with the normal function of mtDNA polymerase-γ. The active ingredients of Retrovir may inhibit cellular DNA replication and zidovudine has been shown to be a transplacental caricinogen in one animal study. Zidovudine(Retrovir) generic is an antiretroviral agent, prescribed for HIV/AIDS. Therapeutic classification: antiviral Pregnancy risk category C . Synonyms of this drug are azidothymidine and retrovir.Zidovudine is available in capsule, syrup, and intravenous formulations. It is important that you do not miss or skip a dose of zidovudine injection during treatment. Placental transfer of zidovudine has been shown to occur in humans.Mitochondrial dysfunction: nucleoside and nucleotide analogues have been demonstrated in vitro and in vivo to cause a variable degree of mitochondrial damage. The malformative risk is unlikely in humans based on the mentioned large amount of data.Zidovudine has been associated with reproductive toxicity findings in animal studies (see section 5.3). A large amount of data on pregnant women (more than 3000 outcomes from first trimester and more than 3000 outcomes from second and third trimester exposure) indicate no malformative toxicity. This medication is an antiretroviral agent, prescribed for HIV/AIDS. Zidovudine altered the normal muscle energy metabolism in the patients with myopathy, suggesting that it reduces maximal work output, and thus the maximal rate of mitochondrial ATP synthesis, in human muscle.In a pharmacokinetic study of three doses of zidovudine 300 mg 3-hourly in pregnancy in six subjects plasma zidovudine concentrations were substantially lower than previously reported during continuous intravenous therapy [Ribavirin reduces phosphorylation of zidovudine and antagonizes the antiviral activity; co-administration is not advised. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V.URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780444537171016565URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128126264000085URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780702062858001520URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123694171500638URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780323543910000163URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9781455748013001302URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780444521668500364URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780702040849000549URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123739445001784URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128179093000157Meyler's Side Effects of Drugs (Sixteenth Edition), 2016Pharmacogenomic Considerations in the Treatment of HIV InfectionFour or more substitutions in the HIV reverse transcriptase gene confer drug resistance to The most commonly reported adverse reactions in adult HIV clinical studies were headache, malaise, nausea, anorexia, and vomiting. Disclaimer - All information and content on this site are for information and educational purposes only. Zidovudine (ZDV), also known as azidothymidine (AZT), is an antiretroviral medication used to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS. Hematologic toxicity including neutropenia and severe anemia occur commonly. Drug is predominately metabolized by the liver through the enzyme uridine diphosphoglucuronosyltransferase to its major inactive metabolite 3′-azido-3′-deoxy-5′-We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. >1 year) of Principles of Clinical Pharmacology (Second Edition)Antiviral Dosing Considerations for Term and Preterm InfantsAntiretroviral Therapy for Human Immunodeficiency Virus InfectionMandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases (Eighth Edition)Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental MutagenesisScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. Adults: 600 mg P.O. US matches: Zidovudine oral/injection; Zidovudine Capsules and Tablets; Zidovudine Injection Important Notice: The Drugs.com international database is in BETA release.
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