If this is not possible and if the clinical situation requires that the drug be administered, a dose of 3.1 mg/kg of aminophylline (equivalent to 2.5mg/kg of anhydrous theophylline) may be considered on the basis that it is likely to increase the serum theophylline concentration by approximately 5mcg/ml when administered as a loading dose.Subsequently, the maintenance dosage recommendations are the same as those described above.Aminophylline Injection B.P.
When suggestions are available use up and down arrows to review and ENTER to select. The remainder is excreted in the urine mainly as 1,3-dimethyluric acid (35 - 40%), 1-methyluric acid (20 - 25%) and 3-methylxanthine (15 - 20%).
For example, in non-smoking adults, initiation of a constant intravenous theophylline infusion of 0.4 mg/kg/hr (0.5 mg/kg/hr as aminophylline) at the completion of the loading dose, on average, will result in a steady-state concentration of 10 mcg/mL with a range of 7-26 mcg/mL. Loading Dose Worksheet for Intravenous Aminophylline 1. ▪ Ileus/ intestinal obstruction prevents administration of multiple dose activated charcoal. ]PROTECT FROM LIGHT.
Theophylline is a smooth muscle relaxant and it relaxes the smooth muscle of the bronchial airways. Discontinuation of a concomitant drug that increases theophylline clearance will result in accumulation of theophylline to potentially toxic levels, unless the theophylline dose is appropriately reduced.
Cigarette smoking increases theophylline clearance and shortens its serum half-life.No further relevant information other than that which is included in other sections of the Summary of Product Characteristics.Incompatibility has been reported with chlorpromazine, clindamycin, corticotrophin, dimenhydrinate, doxorubicin, erythromycin gluceptate, hydralazine hydrochloride, hydroxyzine hydrochloride, opioid analgesics, oxytetracycline hydrochloride, phenytoin sodium, procaine hydrochloride, prochlorperazine salts, promazine hydrochloride, promethazine hydrochloride, sulphafurazole diethanolamine and vancomycin hydrochloride.
One of the skills required is the ability to calculate drug doses and rates of drug adminis… Since little theophylline is excreted unchanged in the urine and since active metabolites of theophylline (i.e., caffeine, 3-methylxanthine) do not accumulate to clinically significant levels even in the face of end-stage renal disease, no dosage adjustment for renal insufficiency is necessary in adults and children >3 months of age. Miscellaneous: Other factors associated with decreased theophylline clearance include the third trimester of pregnancy, sepsis with multiple organ failure, and hypothyroidism.
In contrast, approximately 50% of the administered theophylline dose is excreted unchanged in the urine in neonates. Passive smoke exposure has also been shown to increase theophylline clearance by up to 50%. Do not administer unless solution is clear and container is undamaged. aminophylline: Death from theophylline toxicity is most often secondary to cardiorespiratory arrest and/or hypoxic encephalopathy following prolonged generalized seizures or intractable cardiac arrhythmias causing hemodynamic compromise.General Recommendations for Patients with Symptoms of Theophylline Overdose or Serum Theophylline Concentrations >30 mcg/mL While Receiving Intravenous Theophylline.Acute Overdose (e.g., excessive loading dose or excessive infusion rate <24 hours) Chronic Overdosage (e.g., excessive infusion rate for greater than 24 hours)Increasing the rate of theophylline clearance by extracorporeal methods may rapidly decrease serum concentrations, but the risks of the procedure must be weighed against the potential benefit. Elderly patients also appear to be more sensitive to the toxic effects of theophylline after chronic overdosage than younger patients.
Precise data are lacking, but a temperature of 39°C (102°F) for at least 24 hours is probably required to produce a clinically significant increase in serum theophylline concentrations.
Theophylline oral dose calculator and equation. Due to the wide intersubject variability of the rate of theophylline metabolism, nonlinearity of elimination may begin in some patients at serum theophylline concentrations <10 mcg/mL.
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